Antioxidant Potential Of Ethanol Extract Of Kendondong Leaves (Spondias Dulcis), Characterization And Examination Of Quercetin By TLC Method
Abstract
Indonesia has a variety of plants that can be used to cure various diseases. Natural therapies offer little negative
effect, especially in degenerative diseases, due to decreased function of body cells damaged by oxidation.
Antioxidants have a vital role in counteracting free radicals to prevent degenerative diseases. One of the most
abundant sources of antioxidant compounds is flavonoids. Kedondong leaf (Spondias dulcis) is one of the plants
which is also suspected to contain flavonoids. Spondias species contain triterpenoids, namely oleanolic acid and
flavonoids such as quercetin, kaempferol, kaempferida and rhamnetin. Examination of simplicia characteristics,
phytochemical screening, examination of quercetin with Thin Layer Chromatography, and determination of
antioxidant activity and IC50 value of Kedondong leaves using the DPPH method were carried out in this study.
The results of the characteristic examination showed that simplicia met the requirements with a water content of
8.63%, a water-soluble extract content of 19.42%, an ethanol-soluble extract content of 5.17%, a total ash
content of 12.43%, an acid-insoluble ash content of 7 .81%. Phytochemical screening showed that the bright
kedondong leaves contained flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, and steroids/triterpenes.
Examination of quercetin thin layer chromatography with chloroform: methanol (70: 30) as eluent produced six
stains with Rf values (0.5; 1; 1.2; 3; 4.3; 6.6), and compared with quercetin raw material on the sixth stain with
an Rf value of 6.6 has the same stain as the ethanol extract of kendondong leaves. The results of antioxidant
testing at a 400 – 800 nm wavelength using UV-Vis spectrophotometry obtained a maximum wavelength of 515
nm. IC50 value obtained an IC50 value of 68.6260 ppm, so it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of
kendondong leaves has antioxidant activity in the strong category.
Downloads
References
Hidayat, D.; Hardiansyah, G. Studi Keanekaragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Obat Di Kawasan IUPHHK PT. Sari
Bumi Kusuma Camp Tontang Kabupaten Sintang. J. Vokasi 2012, 8, 61–68. [Google Scholar]
Sitorus, P., Keliat, J. M., Asfianti, V., Muhammad, M., & Satria, D. (2022). A Literature Review of Artocarpus
lacucha Focusing on the Phytochemical Constituents and Pharmacological Properties of the Plant. Molecules,
(20), 6940.
Katili, A.S. Inventarisasi Tumbuhan Obat Dan Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Etnis Bune Dalam Memanfaatkan
Tumbuhan Obat Di Pinogu, Kabupaten Bonebolango, Provinsi Gorontalo. Pros. Sem. Nas. Masy. Biodiv.
Indon. 2015, 1, 78–84. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Hasanah, N., Dahlia, A. A., & Handayani, V. (2023). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Kedondong Laut
(Nothopanax fructicosum (L.) Miq) Dengan Metode Peredaman Radikal Bebas DPPH. Makassar Natural
Product Journal (MNPJ), 1(1), 10-17.
Jatmika, C, Maggadani, B, P & Hayun 2015, ‘Evaluasi aktivitas Antioksidan Senyawa 4-[(E)-2-(4-okso-3-
fenilkuinazolin-2il) etenil]-benzensulfonamida dan analognya’, Pharm Sci Res, vol. 2 no. 3.
Banjarnahor, D, S, S, & Artanti, N 2014. ’Antioxidant Properties of Flavonoid.’ Med.J.Indones’, vol. 23 no. 4
pp. 239-244.
Silva D, Araújo AR, Al. E. (2012). Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of two
Spondias species from Northeastern Brazil. PharmBiol, 50(6):740–6.
De Flora S and Ferguson LR (2005). Overview of mechanisms of cancer chemopreventive agents. Mut Res
:8-15.
Gitari,M.N.,Hartawan,I.G.,Dwija,I.B.2017. Potensi Nanopartikel Alginat- Kitosan-Ekstrak Daun Kedondong
Hutan (Spondias Pinnata (L.F.) Kurz.) Dalam Penatalaksanaan Tuberkulosis Dan Multi Drug Resistance
Tuberculosis (Mdr-Tb). Bali: Universitas Udayana
Araujo. (2019). Protective effects of bark ethanolic extract from Spondias dulcis Forst F. against DNA damage
induced by Benzo[a]pyrene and Cyclophosphamide. Genetics and Molecular Biology
Pakpahan,K.Y.,Yamlean,P.,Jayanto,I.(2020). Formulasi dan Uji Antibakteri Gel Ekstrak Etanol Daun
Kedondong (Spondias dulcis) Terhadap Bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pharmacon : Jurnal Ilmiah
Farmasi UNSRAT
Prasongko,E.T.,Lailiyah,M.,Muzayyiddin,W. (2020). Formulasi dan Uji Efektivitas Gel Ekstrak Daun
Kedondong (Spondias dulcis) Terhadap Luka Bakar Pada Tikus Wistar (Ratus novergicus). Jurnal Wiyata, Vol.
No. 1 Tahun 2020
International Journal of Science, Technology & Management ISSN: 2722 - 4015
Depkes RI. (1995). Materia Medika Indonesia. Jilid VI. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Pengawasan Obat Dan
Makanan. Halaman 297-307, 321-325, 333-337.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. 2017. Farmakope Herbal Indonesia Edisi II. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
Fidrianny, I., Darmawati, A., & Sukrasno. (2014). Antioxidant Capacities from Different Polarities Extracts of
Cucurbitaceae Leaves Using FRAP, DPPH Assays and Correlation with Phenolic, Flavonoid, Carotenoid
Content. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 858-862.
WHO. (1998). Quality Control Methods for Herbal Materials. Switzerland: Printed in Malta. Hal. 33-35.
Wiraputra, H., Nainggolan, M., & Sitorus, P. (2018, October). Senyawa Saponin Hasil Isolasi dari Daun Buni
(Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng.). In Talenta Conference Series: Tropical Medicine (TM) (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp.
-270).
Al-Qiriim TM.,Shahwan M.Zaidi., Uddin, Q. (2002). Effect of Khat, its constituent and restraint stress on free
radical metabolism of rats.J.Ethnopharm 83:245-250
Akhlaghi, F., & Zare-Bidaki, A. (2009). Influence of graphite content on the dry sliding and oil impregnated
sliding wear behavior of Al 2024–graphite composites produced by in situ powder metallurgy method. Wear,
(1-2), 37-45.
