Phytochemical Screening and Formulation of Hand Sanitizer Gel Preparations from Temu Hitam Rhizome Extract (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb)

Rika Puspita Sari; Zola  Efa Harnis; Nina  Irmayanti Harahap

doi:10.46729/ijstm.v3i6.684

Rika Puspita Sari Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute Kesehatan Deli Husada Deli Tua
Zola Efa Harnis Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institut Kesehatan Deli Husada Deli Tua.
Nina Irmayanti Harahap Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institut Kesehatan Deli Husada Deli Tua.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46729/ijstm.v3i6.684

Keywords: Temu hitam rhizome, gel, handsanitizer and gel evaluation.

Abstract

Temu Hitam (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb) is one of the most widely grown plants in Indonesia at an altitude of 400–750 m asl and contains many secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and curcuminoids, which in the test had antibacterial activity and growth inhibitors. worm larvae in the gastrointestinal tract and the effect of increasing the body's immunity The purpose of this study was to identify the content of secondary metabolites contained in the rhizome of black turmeric, which would then be formulated into gel hand sanitizer preparations. Secondary metabolite testing was conducted on alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids/triterpenoids, and glycosides. Three different hand sanitizer gel formulations were created using different extract concentrations, 5%, 10%, and 15%. Evaluation tests were then run on the preparations, including stability, organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, and dispersion tests. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids were found in the temu hitam rhizome, according to the results of secondary metabolite testing. The dosage form was semi-solid, had a light brown to blackish brown hue, a distinct spice scent, was homogeneously prepared, and had a pH of 7.0, according to the examination of the formulation results 4,1 ± 0,17; 4,4 ± 0,19; 4,9 ± 0,08; 4,9 ± 0,09, viscosity 2378 ± 209,9; 3340 ± 220,7; 4509 ± 285,6; 4881 ± 276,7; and spreadability test 5; 6,2; 5,4; 4,9 cm . The conclusion of this study is that the results of the phytochemical screening of simplicia and the ethanolic extract of the Temu Hitam rhizome showed positive results, containing secondary metabolites of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, and steroids/triterpenoids that can be formulated into hand sanitizer gel preparations that meet the requirements for preparation evaluation.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

J. L. J. Jing, T. Pei Yi, R. J. Bose, J. R. McCarthy, N. Tharmalingam, and T. Madheswaran, ‘Hand sanitizers: a review on formulation aspects, adverse effects, and regulations’, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health, vol. 17, no. 9, p. 3326, 2020.

N. Van Doremalen et al., ‘Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1’, N. Engl. J. Med., vol. 382, no. 16, pp. 1564–1567, 2020.

M. Radji, ‘Buku ajar mikrobiologi: panduan mahasiswa farmasi & kedokteran’, 2009.

G. Haro, I. Iksen, and N. Nasri, ‘Identification, characterization and antibacterial potential of probiotic lactic acid bacteria isolated from naniura (A traditional batak fermented food from carp) against Salmonella typhi’, Rasayan J. Chem., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 464–468, 2020.

F. Zulkarnain, ‘Sosialisasi Pembuatan Hand Sanitizer Menggunakan Bahan Alami Sebagai Alat Kebersihan Diri’, in Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kewirausahaan, 2021, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1207–1211.

C. Evans, M. S. L. Lada, Y. Funan, D. A. L. Nangi, and T. Yuwono, ‘Penyuluhan Dan Cara Pembuatan Hand Sanitizer Untuk Masyarakat Dalam Covid-19 Di Kelurahan Pisang Candi Kota Malang’, J. Pengabdi. Masy. Khatulistiwa, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 71–78, 2020.

H. D. Syahputra, N. Nasri, and V. E. Kaban, ‘Pengujian Potensi Aktivitas Antibakteri dari Daun Cep-cepan (Saurauia cauliflora DC.) dalam Formulasi Sediaan Gel Terhadap Propionibacterium acnes’, Herb. Med. J., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 28–32, 2022.

I. Zarwinda, E. Elfariyanti, A. Adriani, and M. Agustina, ‘Formulasi Sediaan Gel Hand Sanitizer Dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averhoa Blimbi L.) Kombinasi Gel Lidah Buaya (Aloe Vera)’, J. Kedokt. Dan Kesehat. Publ. Ilm. Fak. Kedokt. Univ. Sriwij., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 321–330, 2022.

R. F. Goa, A. M. Kopon, and E. G. Boelan, ‘Skrining Fitokimia Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Kombinasi Kulit Batang Kelor (Moringa oleifera) dan Rimpang Temulawak (Curcuma Xanthorrhiza) Asal Nusa Tenggara Timur’, J. Beta Kim., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 37–41, 2021.

A. R. Rafillah, ‘Pemanfaatan Tepung Temu Hitam (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.) Dalam Pakan Terhadap Kualitas Eksternal Dan Internal Telur Pada Burung Puyuh (Coturnix coturnix japonica)’, Universitas Brawijaya, 2018.

N. Nasri, V. E. Kaban, K. Gurning, H. D. Syahputra, and D. Satria, ‘Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya Linn.) Terhadap Bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa’, INSOLOGI J. Sains Dan Teknol., vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 252–259, 2022.

R. F. R. Situmorang, K. Gurning, V. E. Kaban, M. J. Butar-Butar, and S. A. B. Perangin-Angin, ‘Determination of Total Phenolic Content, Analysis of Bioactive Compound Components, and Antioxidant Activity of Ethyl Acetate Seri (Muntingia calabura L.) Leaves from North Sumatera Province, Indonesia’, Open Access Maced. J. Med. Sci., vol. 10, no. A, pp. 240–244, 2022.

N. W. Martiningsih and I. A. P. Suryanti, ‘Skrining Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antijamur Minyak Atsiri Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sp.)’, in Seminar Nasional Riset Inovatif, 2017, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 631–636.

S. Yulianto, ‘Identifikasi Alkaloid Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera L)’, J. Kebidanan Dan Kesehat. Tradis., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 55–57, 2020.

Y. Noviyanty, H. Hepiyansori, and B. R. Dewi, ‘Identifikasi dan penetapan kadar senyawa saponin ekstrak etanol bunga senggani (Melastoma malabathricum L) metode gravimetri’, Oceana Biomed. J., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 45–53, 2020.

E. S. Sulasmi, M. Saptasari, K. Mawaddah, and F. A. Zulfia, ‘Tannin identification of 4 species pterydophyta from Baluran National Park’, in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2019, vol. 1241, no. 1, p. 012002.

S. Arora and P. Itankar, ‘Extraction, isolation and identification of flavonoid from Chenopodium album aerial parts’, J. Tradit. Complement. Med., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 476–482, 2018.

E. Mashunah and S. Sitorus, ‘Isolasi dan Identifikasi Steroid dari Ekstrak N-Heksana Daun Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina Del.)’, KOVALEN J. Ris. Kim., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 18–22, 2020.

E. Cahyaningsih, P. E. S. K. Yuda, and P. Santoso, ‘Skrining fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) dengan metode spektrofotometri uv-Vis’, J. Ilm. Medicam., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 51–57, 2019.

I. Rubianti, N. Azmin, and M. Nasir, ‘Analisis Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak Etanol Daun Golka (Ageratum conyziodes) Sebagai Tumbuhan Obat Tradisional Masyarakat Bima’, JUSTER J. Sains Dan Terap., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 7–12, 2022.

V. E. Kaban, N. Nasri, H. D. Syahputra, R. Fitri, Z. Rani, and M. F. Lubis, ‘Formulasi Sediaan Gel dari Ekstrak Metanol Biji Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) Sebagai Penyembuh Luka Sayat Pada Tikus Jantan (Rattus norvegicus)’, Herb. Med. J., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 12–18, 2022.

R. Y. Booq et al., ‘Formulation and evaluation of alcohol-free hand sanitizer gels to prevent the spread of infections during pandemics’, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health, vol. 18, no. 12, p. 6252, 2021.

K. Harismah, N. D. Ariningrum, A. M. Fuadi, M. Mujiburohman, and M. Mirzaei, ‘Formulation and evaluation of herbal hand sanitizer based on stevia (Stevia rebaudiana)’, in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021, vol. 1858, no. 1, p. 012053.

N. NurHasanah and D. Anggita, ‘Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji Toksisitas dari Ekstrak Bunga Kertas (Bougenvillea spectabilis Wild)’, SAINSTECH FARMA, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 21–24, 2018.

F. A. Rahman, T. Haniastuti, and T. W. Utami, ‘Skrining fitokimia dan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) pada Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668’, Maj. Kedokt. Gigi Indones., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2017.

A. S. Hasibuan, V. Edrianto, and N. Purba, ‘Skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol umbi bawang merah (Allium cepa L.)’, J. Farm. JFM, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 45–49, 2020.

T. Simangunsong, E. F. L. Gaol, and S. Sianturi, ‘EFFECTIVENESS OF BAKUNG EXTRACT (CRINUM ASIATICUM L) AS AN ANALGESIC IN ACETIC ACID-INDUCED MICE’, J. Farm. Sains Dan Prakt., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 126–134, 2021.

I. Miftahatuzzakiyah, ‘Formulasi dan Uji Karakteristik Gel Hand Sanitizer dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Carbomer 940 sebagai Gelling Agent’, J. Pharmacopolium, vol. 4, no. 3, 2022.

Z. Ren et al., ‘Characteristics of Pickering emulsions stabilized by tea water-insoluble protein nanoparticles at different pH values’, Food Chem., vol. 375, p. 131795, 2022.

V. E. Kaban, N. Nasri, H. Dharmawan, and D. Satria, ‘Formulasi dan Uji Efektivitas Sabun Pencuci Tangan dari Ekstrak Daun Pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Terhadap Bakteri Salmonella sp.’, Herb. Med. J., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 8–12, 2022.

M. Andleeb, H. M. Shoaib Khan, and M. Daniyal, ‘Development, characterization and stability evaluation of topical gel loaded with ethosomes containing Achillea millefolium L. extract’, Front. Pharmacol., vol. 12, p. 603227, 2021.

H. S. Rohana and R. Dewi, ‘FORMULASI SEDIAAN HAND SANITIZER DARI EKSTRAK BIJI PANGI (Pangium edule REINW)’.

H. I. P. Atmaja, N. Fajaryanti, E. Mediastini, and H. D. Purnomo, ‘Perbandingan Konsentrasi Carbopol terhadap Stabilitas Fisik Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Alpukat’, J. Farmasetis, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 125–134, 2022.

R. Fitri, J. Reveny, U. Harahap, and H. Dharmawan, ‘Anti-Acne Activity From Biocellulose Mask Formula Containing (Aloe Vera (L.) Burm. F) Essence Combined With Vitamin E’, Indones. J. Pharm. Clin. Res., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2021.

R. R. Jannah and A. Resti Erwiyani, ‘KAJIAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI CMC-NA (Sodium Carboxymethyle Cellulose) TERHADAP pH, DAYA SEBAR, DAYA LEKAT DAN VISKOSITAS PADA SEDIAAN GEL’, Universitas Ngudi Waluyo, 2021.

M. Ulya, F. N. Orienty, and M. Hayati, ‘Efek Uji Daya Bunuh Ekstrak Kulit Buah Jeruk Nipis (Citrus Auranti Folia) Terhadap Bakteri Streptococcus Mutans’, B-Dent J. Kedokt. Gigi Univ. Baiturrahmah, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 30–37, 2018.