Social Capital, Joint Responsibility Systems, And Empowerment Of Women In Msmes : A Conceptual Framework
Abstract
Empowering women, especially in entrepreneurship, is often faced with limited accessibility, especially in meeting capital through loans at formal financial institutions and structural constraints in their environment. Women's cooperatives are a bridge to overcome the problem of women's entrepreneurial capital to increase their business, because basically woman have potential in its business activities. Social capital that has elements of Trust, Network and norms attached to women's personalities will be a guarantee in obtaining loans with a joint responsibility system. The opportunity to develop a business through social capital and joint responsibility has an impact on opening up opportunities to empower micro, small and medium entreprise (MSMEs) business actors to further increase their business and continue to be in a sustainable entrepreneurial position.Sustainable Entrepreneurship for female entrepreneurs offers women professional development and limited flexibility to balance work and family commitments.
Downloads
References
Abdussalam, OI, Fuadah, J., & Alias, MH (2013). Determinants of Women's Empowerment and Its Impact on Poverty Reduction: The Case of Kwara State, Nigeria (Pilot Study). Asian Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 2(4), 342-347.
Ahamad, I., & Moudud-UI-Hug, S. (2013). Women entrepreneurship in Bangladesh challenges and prospects. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 2(7), 41-48.
Akomolafe, CO (2006). Open and Distance Learning as a Women Empowerment Mechanism in Nigeria. Educational Foundations and Management. Received fromhttp://pcf4.dec.uwi.edu
Anam, C. (2016). 99 Cooperatives in Malang City Immediately Freeze. Retrieved from industri.bisnis.com.
Bhandari, H. and Yasunobu, K. (2009) What is social capital: A comprehensive review of the concept. Asian Journal of Social Science, 37, 480-510. doi:10.1163/156853109X436847.
Bhardwaj, G., Parashar, I., Pandey, B., & Sahu, P. (2008). Women Entrepreneurs in India: Opportunities and Challenges.http://www.chimc.in/Volume2.1/Volume2Issue1/ February 5, 2014.
Bruni, A., Gherrardi, S., & Poggio, B. (2004). Entrepreneur-mentality, gender and the study of women entrepreneurs. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17(3), 256-268.
Cahyat, A., Gonner, C., & Haug M. (2007). Assessing Household Poverty and Welfare: An Example Guide from Kutai Barat, Indonesia. Bogor: Center for International Forestry Research.
Chambers, R. (2013). Rural Development: Prioritizing the Last. New York: Routledge.
Chloupkova, J., Svendsen, GLH, & Svendsen, GT (2003). Building and Destroying Social Capital: The Case of the Cooperative Movement in Denmark and Poland. Agriculture and Human Values, 20(3), 241-252.
Chow, WS & Chan, LS (2008). Social networks, social trust and shared goals in organizational knowledge sharing, Information & Management, 45(7), 458–465.
Coleman, JS (1988). Social Capital in the Creation of Human Resources. American Journal of Sociology: Supplements, Organizations and Institutions: Sociological and Economic Approaches to the Analysis of Social Structure, 94, 95-120.
Derera, F., Chitakunye, P., & O'Neill, C. (2014). Entrepreneurs in south africa the impact of gender on start-up capital: A case of women. Journal of Entrepreneurship, 23(1), 95-114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971355713513355
Dilli, S., Rijpma, A., & Carmichael, S. (2013). Development versus Heritage: The Relative Role of Development and Historical Heritage in Achieving Gender Equality. CESifo Working Paper, No. 4411
.
Dili, S. (2015). Historical Perspective on Gender Inequality and Development in the World Economy, c. 1850-2000. Dissertation. Utrecht University Warehouse.
Faedlulloh, D. (2015). Social Capital in the Cooperative Movement. Indonesian Journal of Public Administration, 1(1), 5-19.
Fukuyama, Francis (1995) Trust: The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity. New York: The Free Press.
Ganesan, R., Kaur, D., & Maheshwari, R. (2002). Women entrepreneurs: Problems and prospects. Journal of Entrepreneurship, 11(75), 75-93. http://dx.doi. org/10.1177/097135570201100105.
Hatneny, Aleria I. "Women's Cooperatives and Women's Empowerment in Developing a People's Economy in Malang City."Journal of Food Security, vol. 1, no. 2, 2017.
Ghozali, I. (2008). Structural Equation Modeling: Alternative Method with Partial Least Square. Edition Two. Semarang: Diponegoro University Publishing Agency.
Hall JK, Daneke, GA and Lenox, MJ (2010), “Sustainable development and entrepreneurship: Past contributions and future directions”, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 25 No. 5, pp. 439-448.
Idris, AJ, & Agbim, KC (2015). Effect of Social Capital on Poverty Reduction: A Study of Women Entrepreneurs in the State of Nasarawa, Nigeria. JORIND, 13(1), 208-222.
Kartasasmita, G. (1996). Development for People: Combining Growth and Equity. Jakarta: CIDESINDO.
Leung Wing Fai (2018). Digital Entrepreneurship, Gender and Intersectionality Palgrave Macmillan; 1st Edition. 2019 edition.
Liang, Q., Huang, Z., Lu, H., & Wang, X. (2015). Social Capital, Member Participation, and Cooperative Performance: Evidence from Zhejiang China. International Journal of Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 18(1), 49-78.
La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A., & Vishny, RW (1997). Trust in big organizations. American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings, 87(2), 333-338.
Laurie, Nina, Robert Andolina and Sarah Radcliffe (2005) 'Ethnodevelopment: Social Movements, Creating Experts and Professionalising Indigenous Knowledge in Ecuador', Antipodes 37(3): 470–96.
Lubis, RF, & Saputra, PMA (2015). The Middle-Income Traps: Is There a Way Out for Asian Countries? Indonesian Journal of Economics and Business, 30(3), 273-287.
Naicker, V., Le Roux, S., Bruwer, J. and Bruwer, JP, 2017. Knowledge Sharing as a Value-Adding Initiative for South African SMME Sustainability: A Literature Review. Expert Journal of Business and Management, 5(2), pp.51-60.
Olomola, USA (2002). Social Capital, Microfinance Group Performance and Poverty Implications in Nigeria. Ibadan: Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research. Received fromhttp://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu.
Arrow, KJ (1999). Social Capital Observation. In Partha D., and Ismail, S. (eds), Social Capital: A Multifaceted Perspective. Washington DC: World Bank.
Pranadji, Tri., 2007, Rural Community Empowerment Model for Dry Land Agroecosystem Management (Study on Strengthening Social Capital in Upstream Villages in the Watershed Ex the Bangun Desa Project, Gunung Kidul Regency and Ex Dry Land Agriculture Project, Boyolali Regency, Journal of Agro-Economic Vol. 24 No.2.
Puspito, Hendro. 2016. Sociological Study of Social Capital in the Kuantan Singingi Perjasing Javanese Brotherhood Association. JOM FISIP Journal. Vo. 3. No. 1. P 1-15
Putnam, R. (1993). Prosperous Society: Social Capital and Community Life.
Received fromhttps://www.prospect.org.
Rajivan, A. (2001). Microcredit and Women's Empowerment: A Case Study of EMS (SHARE Microfinance Ltd.). United Nations Development Program (UNDP). Drink. Taken from https://www.microfinancegateway.org.
Saskara, IAN, Pudjihardjo, M., Maskie, G., & Suman, A. (2012). Review of Economic and Non-Economic Perspectives of Balinese Women Working in the Public Sector: A Study of Role Conflicts. Journal of Management Applications, 10(3), 542-552.
Sasongko, SS (2009). Gender Concepts and Theories. Second Printing. Jakarta: Center for Gender Training and Quality Improvement for Women, BKKBN.
Supriyanto, Gatot. 2011. Joint Liability System Application. Kopwan Setia Bhakti Women East Java.
Sen, A. (1999). Development as Freedom. New York: Anchor Book.
Sharma, P. (2013). Women entrepreneurship development in India. Global Journal of Management and Business Studies, 3(4), 371-376
Tambunan, T. (2008). Women entrepreneurs in micro, small & medium entreprises: Some evidence from asia developing countries. University of New South Wales at ADFA, 1-28.
Tambunan, T. (2009). Women entrepreneurs in Indonesia: Their main constraints and reasons. Journal of Asia Entrepreneurship and Sustainability, 5(3), 37-51.
Tata, J., & Prasad, S. (2008). Social capital, collaborative exchange and microenterprise performance: Gender roles. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 5(3/4), 373-385.
Todaro, MP (2001). Economic Development in the Third World. Translated by Haris Munandar. Edition 7. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Todaro, MP, & Smith, SC (2013). Economic Development. Volume I Edition 11. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Valentinov, V. (2004). Towards Social Capital Theory of Cooperative Organizations. Journal of Cooperative Studies, 37(3), 5-20.
Woolcock, M., & Narayan, D. (2000). Implications of Social Capital for Development Theory, Research and Policy. World Bank Research Observer, 12(2), 225-249.
World Bank. (2000). World Development Report 2000/2001: Attacking Poverty.
Obtained from https://siteresources.worldbank.org.
World Bank. (2011). World Development Report 2012: Gender Equality and Development. Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org.
LP4 Trisakti East Java, Cooperatives and the Joint Responsibility System in Facing the Challenges of the Times, Setia Budi Cooperative Malang East Java, 2020.