Patient Expectations on How Doctors Deliver Bad News (Case Study of Cancer Patients in Jambi City)
Keywords:
patient expectations, communication of diagnosis, bad news
Abstract
Abstract:
Research related to patient expectations has existed, but not specifically in Indonesia, especially in Jambi. For this reason, this study is aimed, firstly, to find out the patient's opinion on how doctors deliver bad news according to the SPIKES stage. The second objective was to explore patients' opinions regarding their expectations about the way doctors communicate bad news, namely cancer diagnosis and prognosis in breast cancer patients, taking into account the SPIKES protocol. This case study research uses a qualitative approach. Research in the city of Jambi in January - November 2019, used interviews with eight informants, namely female patients who saw an oncologist (cancer). Interviews were conducted with each informant and also to the group. Doctors only use some stages, namely stages, interview, giving knowledge, strategy, and summary. The patients studied think that the doctor passes through stages, perception, and invitation. There was a large tendency in the Emotions with the empathic response stage, patients who felt that they were given attention to the patient's emotional condition with an empathetic response, only a small proportion did not feel the doctor's empathic response. Expectations of patients, doctors pay attention to the stages of SPIKES as well as the dimensions of content and dimensions of relationships in delivering bad news about a diagnosis of the disease.
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References
REFERENCES
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27. Liddicoat, P. (2018). Breaking bad news. InnovAiT, 11(12), 671-675. Retrieve from https://doi.org/ 10.1177/ 1755738018797963.
28. Littlejohn, S. W., & Foss, K. A. (2018). Teori Komunikasi: Theories of Human Communication. Jakarta: Salemba Humanika.
29. Marschollek P, Bąkowska K, Bąkowski W, Marschollek K, Tarkowski R. Oncologists and Breaking Bad News-From the Informed Patients' Point of View. The Evaluation of the SPIKES Protocol Implementation. J Cancer Educ. 2019 Apr; 34(2):375-380. doi: 10.1007/s13187-017-1315-3. PMID: 29399734.
30. Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis, Los Angeeles: SAGE Publishing.
31. Monden, K. R., Gentry, L., & Cox, T. R. (2016). Delivering bad news to patients. Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center), 29(1), 101–102. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2016.11929380.
32. Mulyana, D., (2002). Ilmu Komunikasi Suatu Pengantar. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
33. Rabow, M.W., & McPhee, S. J. (1999). Beyond breaking bad news: how to help patients who suffer. Western Journal of Medicine, 171(4), 260–263. Retrieved from https://www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/issues/124809/
34. Rachmat, Dara & Ganiem, Leila. (2020). Tahapan Komunikasi Terapeutik Dokter pada Pasien di Klinik Kecantikan. Jurnal Komunikasi Global. 9. 61-79. 10.24815/jkg.v9i1.16107.
35. Singh, M. M., & Agarwal, R. K. (2017). Breaking Bad News In Clinical Setting: A Systematic Review. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 8(12), 29-32. Retrieved from https://www.worldwidejournals.com/indian-journal-of-applied-research-(IJAR)/fileview/ December_2017_1512116815__11.pdf.
36. Sobczak, K., Leoniuk, K., & Janaszczyk, A. (2018). Delivering bad news: patient's perspective and opinions. Patient Preference and Adherence, 12, 2397–2404. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2147/ PPA.S183106
37. Thorne, S., Hislop, T. G., Kim-Sing, C., Oglov, V., Oliffe, J. L., & Stajduhar, K. I. (2014). Changing communication needs and preferences across the cancer care trajectory: insights from the patient perspective. Support Care Cancer, 22(4), 1009–1015. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-013-2056-4.
38. Tjiptono, F. (2000). Manajemen Jasa. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi
39. Torres, A. R., Soto, E. C. J., Patiño, D. C. (2018). Medical consultation, time and duration, Medwave, 18(5). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.5867/medwave. 2018.05.7264.
40. Widowati, H. (2019). Berbagai Kasus Kanker di Indonesia 2018. Databoks. Retrieved from https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2019/06/03/kasus-kanker-payudara-paling-banyak-terjadi-di-indonesia.
41. Zhou, Q., Shen, J., Liu, Y., Lin, G., Dong, H., & Li, K. (2014). Effects of Doctor-patient Communication on Quality of Life among Breast Cancer Patients in Southern China. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 15(14), 5639-44. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7314/apjcp. 2014.15.14.5639.
1. Ali, M. M., Sidi, I. P. S., & Zahir, H (2006). Komunikasi Efektif Dokter Pasien. Jakarta: Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia.
2. Avryna, P., Wahid, I., & Fauzar, F. (2019). Invasive Carcinoma Mammae dengan Metastasis Orbita, Tulang, dan Paru. Andalas Journal of Health, 8(15). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.25077/ jka.v8i1S.932.
3. Arafah, A. B. R., & Notobroto, H. B. (2017). Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Ibu Rumah Tangga Melakukan Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri (Sadari). The Indonesian Journal of Public Health, 12(2). Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijph.v12i2. 2017.143-153.
4. Baile, W. F., Buckman, R., Lenzi, R., Glober, G., Beale, E. A., & Kudelka, A.P. (2000). SPIKES-A six-step protocol for delivering bad news: application to the patient with cancer. Oncologist, 5(4), 302-11. Retrieved from https://doi.org/ 10.1634/theoncologist.5-4-302.
5. Balint, M. (1964). The Doctor, His Patient and The Illness. London: Pittman Medical.
6. Bar-Haim, S. (2018). ‘The Drug Doctor’: Michael Balint and the Revival of General Practice in Postwar Britain, History Workshop Journal, 86 (Autumn 2018), 114–132. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dby017.
7. Benjamin, I. W. (2014). Menelusuri Arus Pemeriksaan Kesehatan dan Pengobatan ke Luar Negeri. Jurnal Widya Medika Surabaya, 2(1). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.33508/ jwm.v2i1.1646.
8. Breastcancer.org. (2020). Male Breast Cancer. Retrieved from https://www. breastcancer. org/symptoms/types/male_bc.
9. Buckman, R. (1992). How to Break Bad News. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
10. Davenport., L, & Schopp, G. (2011) Breaking bad news: communication skills for difficult conversations. JAAPA, 24(2), 46-50. Retrieved from https://doi.org/ 10.1097/ 01720610-201102000-00008.
11. DiMatteo, M. R. (1998). The role of the physician in the emerging health care environment. Western Journal of Medicine. 168(5), 328–333. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles /PMC1304975/.
12. DeVito, J. A., (2019). The Interpersonal Communication Book. New York: Pearson.
13. Dhage, A. S., & Wilkinson, A. R. (2017). Breaking bad news of cancer diagnosis the patient’s perspective. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 5(4), 1617-1621. Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012. ijrms20171275.
14. Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jambi. (2018). Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Jambi 2017. Jambi: Pemerintah Provinsi Jambi.
15. Eng, T. C., Yaakup, H., Shah, S. A., Jaffar, A., & Omar, K. (2012). Preferences of Malaysian cancer patients in communication of bad news. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 13(6), 2749-52. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7314/ apjcp.2012.13.6.2749
16. Fajriah, Riri., Oktantyo, Dwi Putra Bayu. (2020) Analisa dan Perancangan Pelayanan Pasien Berbasis Web pada Klinik Dokter Bersama di Kembangan. Jukomika – (Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Informatika) Volume 3, Nomor 2, April 2020;P-ISSN: 2655-755X https://jurnal.ikhafi.or.id/index.php/jukomika/ 315
17. Ferine, F., Rahayu, G. R., & Claramita, M. (2017). Identifying Doctors Problems in Breaking Bad News: An Initial Step in Developing Recommendations for the Curriculum. The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education, 6(2), 108-115. Retrieved from https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/jpki/article/view/32255/ 19473.
18. Ganiem, L.M. (2018). Komunikasi Kedokteran: Konteks Teoritis dan Praktis. Jakarta: Penerbit Prenada.
19. Griffin, E. A. (2011). A first look at communication theory 8th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
20. Hahne, J., Liang, T., Khoshnood, K., Wang, X., & Li, X. (2020). Breaking bad news about cancer in China: Concerns and conflicts faced by doctors deciding whether to inform patients. Patient Education and Counseling, 103(2). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2019.08.022.
21. Hardavella, G., Aamli-Gaagnat, A., Saad, N., Rousalova, I., & Sreter, K. B. (2017). How to give and receive feedback effectively. Breathe (Sheffield, England), 13(4), 327–333. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1183/20734735.009917
22. Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia, (2006). Standar Kompetensi Dokter Indonesia. Jakarta: Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia
23. Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia, (2012). Standar Kompetensi Dokter Indonesia. Jakarta: Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia
24. Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia, (2019). Standar Nasional Pendidikan Profesi Dokter Indonesia. Jakarta: Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia
25. Kurtz, S., Silverman, J. & Drapper, J. (1998). Teaching and Learning Communication Skills in Medicine. Oxon: Radcliffe Medical Press.
26. Lapine, A., Wang-Cheng, R., Goldstein, M., Nooney, A., Lamb, G., & Derse, A. (2001). When Cultures Clash: Physician, Patient, and Family Wishes in Truth Disclosure for Dying Patients. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 4(4),475-80. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1089/109662101753381610.
27. Liddicoat, P. (2018). Breaking bad news. InnovAiT, 11(12), 671-675. Retrieve from https://doi.org/ 10.1177/ 1755738018797963.
28. Littlejohn, S. W., & Foss, K. A. (2018). Teori Komunikasi: Theories of Human Communication. Jakarta: Salemba Humanika.
29. Marschollek P, Bąkowska K, Bąkowski W, Marschollek K, Tarkowski R. Oncologists and Breaking Bad News-From the Informed Patients' Point of View. The Evaluation of the SPIKES Protocol Implementation. J Cancer Educ. 2019 Apr; 34(2):375-380. doi: 10.1007/s13187-017-1315-3. PMID: 29399734.
30. Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis, Los Angeeles: SAGE Publishing.
31. Monden, K. R., Gentry, L., & Cox, T. R. (2016). Delivering bad news to patients. Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center), 29(1), 101–102. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2016.11929380.
32. Mulyana, D., (2002). Ilmu Komunikasi Suatu Pengantar. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
33. Rabow, M.W., & McPhee, S. J. (1999). Beyond breaking bad news: how to help patients who suffer. Western Journal of Medicine, 171(4), 260–263. Retrieved from https://www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/issues/124809/
34. Rachmat, Dara & Ganiem, Leila. (2020). Tahapan Komunikasi Terapeutik Dokter pada Pasien di Klinik Kecantikan. Jurnal Komunikasi Global. 9. 61-79. 10.24815/jkg.v9i1.16107.
35. Singh, M. M., & Agarwal, R. K. (2017). Breaking Bad News In Clinical Setting: A Systematic Review. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 8(12), 29-32. Retrieved from https://www.worldwidejournals.com/indian-journal-of-applied-research-(IJAR)/fileview/ December_2017_1512116815__11.pdf.
36. Sobczak, K., Leoniuk, K., & Janaszczyk, A. (2018). Delivering bad news: patient's perspective and opinions. Patient Preference and Adherence, 12, 2397–2404. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2147/ PPA.S183106
37. Thorne, S., Hislop, T. G., Kim-Sing, C., Oglov, V., Oliffe, J. L., & Stajduhar, K. I. (2014). Changing communication needs and preferences across the cancer care trajectory: insights from the patient perspective. Support Care Cancer, 22(4), 1009–1015. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-013-2056-4.
38. Tjiptono, F. (2000). Manajemen Jasa. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi
39. Torres, A. R., Soto, E. C. J., Patiño, D. C. (2018). Medical consultation, time and duration, Medwave, 18(5). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.5867/medwave. 2018.05.7264.
40. Widowati, H. (2019). Berbagai Kasus Kanker di Indonesia 2018. Databoks. Retrieved from https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2019/06/03/kasus-kanker-payudara-paling-banyak-terjadi-di-indonesia.
41. Zhou, Q., Shen, J., Liu, Y., Lin, G., Dong, H., & Li, K. (2014). Effects of Doctor-patient Communication on Quality of Life among Breast Cancer Patients in Southern China. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 15(14), 5639-44. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7314/apjcp. 2014.15.14.5639.
Published
2021-05-28
How to Cite
Ganiem, L. M., & Hasanah Suryani Utami. (2021). Patient Expectations on How Doctors Deliver Bad News (Case Study of Cancer Patients in Jambi City). International Journal of Science, Technology & Management, 2(3), 755-766. https://doi.org/10.46729/ijstm.v2i3.190
Section
Articles
