Risk Management Analysis Of Public Street Lighting (SMART PJU) As Quick Win Smart Environment Of Semarang City

. The purpose of program design is to ensure the successful implementation of a program. However, many programs are currently failing to be executed due to a failure of measures to prevent the occurrence of failure factors. The planning of diverse smart city programs has a high potential for failure, especially in today's era of digital government. The deployment of analytics-based SMART PJU in Semarang City, for example, necessitates extensive and meticulous planning. The program requires not only management planning but also risk management. This study intends to assess the map of potential risks in the Semarang City SMART PJU of IoT program, as well as how the program's risk management works. This study is based on qualitative data collected through primary and secondary sources. Primary data is collected by purposefully interviewing related informants, and the data is subsequently evaluated using qualitative methods. According to the conclusions of this study, the largest level of risk occurs due to less maintenance human resources. Semarang City also does not yet have human resources for data analytics experts and AI experts so it will be difficult to operate SMART PJU analytics. Risk mitigation that is currently needed is to conduct socialization and selection of analytic human resources. The other high risks are related to technical matters, namely the hardware used is still manual, using a timer; stolen panels; and panel broken. smart city development in Semarang City is still at the smart city 2.0 stage.

http://ijstm.inarah.co.id 1397 Bennett, 2021; Rivera et al., 2020).In a nutshell, the goal of risk management is to create methods that limit the negative impact of risks while increasing the positive impact of risks on program objectives.It handles risks based on program exposures, increases budgeted activities and resources, and adjusts the program timeline(Project Management Institute, 2017).As a result, doing a risk analysis of the SMART PJU Internet of Things (IoT) program can help to mitigate the negative impact that will occur later.The Semarang municipal communication and informatics service program is a public program owned by most local governments, emphasizing the necessity of risk management in the SMART PJU Internet of Things (IoT) initiative.The entire community requires the SMART PJU Internet of Things (IoT) initiative.The ease of service and comfort of the community are absolute in today's digital era.On the other hand, smart city development is accelerating (Bellini et al., 2022).Smart City-based city or regional development movements can be seen in cities throughout the world, including Barcelona, Tokyo, London, Berlin, Amsterdam, Melbourne, Seoul, Shanghai, Mumbai, Singapore, and others.Every city in different regions of the world has a different Smart City development success story based on the difficulties that each city faces (Fernandes et al., 2021).In Korea, a 600-hectare reclamation area was developed from the ground up as a Smart City, whereas in Dubai, Masdar is a city that is determined to become a carbon-free city by developing energy independence programs with solar and renewable energy.Amsterdam focuses on developing Smart People, Smart Energy, and Smart Waste Management.In Singapore, Smart City development is overseen directly by the Prime Minister's Office as a program for residents, businesses, and government to improve quality of life via the use of technology, ideas, applications, and big data.Technology may aid in the formation, management, and use of businesses (Zainal et al., 2021).Semarang City has an Internet of Things (IoT) SMART PJU program as a smart city quick win in the area of Smart Society.This program is the flagship program of Semarang City because it prioritizes technology in the implementation of monitoring community activities through analytic-based SMART PJU.However, no risk analysis has been conducted by this program.So the author conducts research aimed at assessing the risks posed in this program and conducting risk mitigation analysis so that the implementation of the program can run successfully.

Smart City
According to research in the subject of digital governance, the era of digital governance has penetrated the public sector since 2000 (Alcaide-Muñoz et al., 2017).The rapid advancement of digital governance research parallels the quick advancement of smart city deployment in numerous places throughout the world (Wawer et al., 2022).Even today, with the construction of smart cities, Artificial Intelligence is employed to make public policy decisions (Bokhari & Myeong, 2022).There are two approaches to the smart city concept that are often mentioned in the literature, namely smart cities that focus on ICT development and smart cities which focus more on the participation of local communities in building sustainable cities (Cortés-Cediel et al., 2021;Simonofski, et al., 2019).However, the smart city literature focuses on how technology solves societal problems more than any other focus (Thomas et al., 2016).IoT risk management SMART PJU Semarang City is required to foresee the most extreme risks that may emerge to interrupt implementation or possibly become a factor in program failure (Caragliu et al., 2011).According to Purnomo, smart city characteristics are classified into six categories: smart economy, smart environment, smart government, smart living, smart mobility, and smart people (Purnomo, 2016).In Indonesia, smart city research is mostly concerned with ICT development.The Ministry of Communication and Informatics promotes the program of 100 smart city cities/regencies by focusing on ICT projects that can help resolve community problems in public services and local government management.For example, the Semarang City Government created an innovative Internet of Things (IoT) SMART PJU program to solve the issue of monitoring community activities through the use of ICT in the form of analytics-based SMART PJU.The introduction of this program provides a safe and comfortable sense of community in carrying out daily duties since they are protected by 24-hour surveillance.

Risk Management in program government
Risk management is a systematic attempt to understand and manage risk, minimize uncertainty, and make it simpler to achieve goals and objectives.(Ministry of Finance, 2019).The influence of uncertainty on goals is referred to as risk.The international standard CSA ISO 31000 is used to describe risk management in the government or public sector.Using this standard, public sector risk management entails identifying risks, adopting risk mitigation techniques, establishing priorities, facilitating discussion about the types and degrees of risk that the government is willing to take (tolerance), and developing long-term plans for the future.In the public sector, risk management must be linked with business processes.This indicates that risk information can have an impact on policymaking.The following is the risk management procedure in the public sector.Risk Management Process The first step is to know the scope, context, and risk criteria in a public sector.In this study, to find out the scope of the IoT SMART PJU, such as service profiles.The context of the risks that may occur and the limitation of risk criteria that will occur.The next step is to identify what risks might occur.Then analyze the risk by providing a risk rating.Risk analysis is the process of calculating the likelihood of an event and the consequences if it occurs.The product of these two variables is the Risk Rating (see Figure 2).Types of risk include internal, external, strategic, and major projects (Manzoni & Cheshire, 2017).Risks that originate internally are risks that come from within the organization and can be controlled.Risks that come from external sources are risks that come from outside the organization that are difficult to control but can minimize the impact that occurs.Risks originating from strategy are related to goals, objectives, programs.Monitoring and program adjustments are continuously carried out so that risks can be minimized so that organizational goals can be achieved.The fourth risk comes from major projects such as engineering, reporting processes and so on.The likelihood is the probability that the identified risk event will occur.Statistical data, when accessible, can help support estimations of likelihood and severity.In practice, however, we frequently lack historical data.Instead, we frequently rely on the collective experience of those present; hence, likelihood rarely indicates mathematical certainty; rather, it is a subjective judgment.Source: (Cienfuegos Spikin, 2013) Following the publication of the risk rating, the risk is evaluated and risk mitigation is provided.

II. METHODS
The primary goal of this study is to examine and develop the best risk management program for the Internet of Things (IoT) SMART PJU program.As a result, this study is classified as qualitative.The researcher used interview guides to conduct in-depth interviews with four informants: communication and information technology personnel, transportation staff, and Semarang regional development planning agency staff.The purposeful selection of informants is due to the selected employees who have the key roles, expertise, and abilities in the Smart PJU (Creswell & Poth, 2018).Researchers filter and select the results of in-depth interviews, which are subsequently processed and evaluated using qualitative analytic methodologies (Sugiyono, 2016).The stages of this research include gathering both primary and secondary risk data, as well as categorizing the data based on nature, structure, infrastructure, superstructure, and culture.The environment is one of nature's elements.Community HR, HR bureaucracy, and regional finance are all structure elements.Infrastructure components include physical, digital, and technological factors.
http://ijstm.inarah.co.id 1400 Law, politics, and institutions are examples of superstructure aspects.Social and economic factors are cultural elements.The second assesses risk using the Risk Rating Matrix.Third, compute the potential value and score value, and then multiply the two results.Furthermore, after the overall risk value score is known, the researcher categorizes the danger into risk tiers.

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Government programs and projects have innovation challenges as a result of digital transformation (Peixoto et al., 2014).In this context, dynamic environmental changes lead to a wide range of risks.The government must have comprehensive knowledge to handle risks.Risk management aims to minimize the probability and threat of risks and then capture opportunities that arise during the program life cycle (Alhawari et al., 2012).Smart Ligthing System is a system that was developed to help the community to report reporting from the community if there are PJUs that go out, and monitoring the points of PJUs that go out, points that go out.Currently, Smart PJUs in Semarang City amount to 3,774 points or around 6.27% of the total PJUs in Semarang City.6.27% of the total PJUs in Semarang City.And it will continue to be developed.The uniqueness of this program is the utilization of SMART PJU for the Internet of Things.The public can download the SALJU application (Sistem Aplikasi Lapor PJU) on Playstore.This app is for reporting application, application for PJU, and application for communal WWTP.Through the application, the public can report PJU complaints, as Satriyono Sujoko did.
The client reported PJU repairs, responded and worked on within 3 days.In addition, the community can also apply for PJU lamp assistance.Not only public street lights, but can also apply for communal IPAL and residential fiber receiving areas.The SALJU application provides report tracking information.The community will understand how far the report has been made.The location of dead street lights can be known quickly through community updates.PJU officers will immediately attend the location point according to the point maps sent by the community through the application.This information is very helpful for operators at work.PJU operators benefit from efficiency and effectiveness in work, especially in handling PJU problems.The benefits of this application are to provide faster, easier and cheaper information related to PJU points on the main roads that go out.Another benefit is to speed up the handling of PJU damage and save handling costs because the damaged point is immediately known and provides efficiency in the use of electric power.The challenge in the development of this application is that if there is a system failure, the consequences will be very high.The local government has stated the regional innovation program in the RKPD and has been implemented in the last 2 years.Implementation and determined by Decree of the Regional Head.However, the need for human resources is not sufficient, along with the number of public complaints related to PJU. http://ijstm.inarah.co.id 1401 The Risk Level measurement is calculated as the Risk Level multiplied by the Probability Level multiplied by the Impact Level.The risk analysis of the Semarang City SMART PJU IoT program in Table 4 shows a very high risk in the restricted number of operators who monitor analytical SMART PJU.While the chance of damaged/lost devices is negligible.The following matrix displays the value of high to low risk.

Source: Primary data, 2022
The most extreme risk in the Smart PJU is less maintenance human resources.PJU requires periodic maintenance every month.Semarang City only has ten technicians to maintain all PJU points.On the other hand, submission through SALJU is just a matter of typing.if it is not completed within three days, the report will become red or bad.netizens began to criticize the local government for not being able to handle PJU complaints.This is quite troublesome for officers.So it is necessary to add PJU maintenance technician officers so that if there is a PJU damage report at several points simultaneously it can still be handled according to the standard.Another high risk is that the Semarang city government still rents an overseas server to accommodate SALJU application data.local governments still rent other providers' servers to meet http://ijstm.inarah.co.id 1404 data storage needs.This is very worrying where the server is an important part of storing personal data.an agency should have its own server for its agency data.it is necessary to procure a server and manage it yourself.servers that are still renting have the opportunity to be hacked.The hardware used is still manual, using a timer.Smart PJU should have high technology where lights turn on/off using sensors.This has not been implemented in the PJU of Semarang City Government.It is necessary to procure PJUs that use automatic sensors to turn on street lights.The socio-culture of the surrounding community also still affects the implementation of smart PJU.There are many cases of PJU and bridge frames being stolen.This also happened in Semarang City.Many solar panels are missing.Box panels are stolen for resale.thefts are usually carried out in the middle of the night at light points that are far from settlements.there is no street cctv that can record the theft.the security forces have difficulty tracking the theft of solar panels.then the mitigation that really needs to be done is to install cctv.Minor risks that rarely occur in the smart PJU program are landslides at PJU points, PJU poles are flooded so that they easily shake or collapse, and extreme weather changes cause PJU to be damaged.This risk is rare but when it occurs it causes massive damage.To avoid it, it is necessary to coordinate with the meteorological agency to update the weather and the possibility of disaster.The quality of PJU also needs to be improved so that when there is a minor disaster it is not immediately damaged.

IV. CONCLUSIONS
IoT risk management SMART PJU Semarang City is required to foresee the most extreme risks that may emerge to interrupt implementation or possibly become a factor in program failure.Based on the findings, the most extreme risk is less maintenance human resources.On the other hand, Semarang City also does not yet have human resources for data analytics experts and AI experts so it will be difficult to operate SMART PJU analytics.Risk mitigation that is currently needed is to conduct socialization and selection of analytic human resources.The other high risks are related to technical matters, namely the hardware used is still manual, using a timer; stolen panels; and panel broken.These technical matters can hinder the Smart PJU, so strengthen the anticipation of technical matters by use automatic sensors and installed cctv.Minor risk are landslides at PJU points, PJU poles are flooded so that they easily shake or collapse, and extreme weather changes.When viewed based on the most extreme risk, smart city development in Semarang City is still at the smart city 2.0 stage.

Table 2 .
Risk Criteria

Table 4 .
Risk Level Matrix of SMART PJU IoT Program So, after learning about the Smart society risk level matrix, risk mitigation is required.Risk mitigation is a deliberate and long-term action done by the risk owner to mitigate the consequences of an incident that has the potential to harm or threaten the risk owner.There are numerous risk mitigations in smart city programs, including the Quick Win Smart PJU for Semarang City.

Table 5 .
Risk Mitigation Matrix of Smart PJU