The relationship of Religiosity With Attitudes of Adolescents In Prevention of HIV/AIDS Infection

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) is one of the sexually transmitted diseases that attack the immune system of sufferers and can lead to death. This study uses the correlation with cross sectional approach. The sampling technique used in the study simple random sampling. Results:the results of the study showed respondents aged between 15-18 years old with 43 people sex men (53,1%), the female gender as much as 38 respondents (46.9%). The religiosity of young students the most in both categories as many as 53 respondents (65,4%) and attitude in the prevention of HIV/AIDS infection in the positive category as much as 64 respondents (79,0%). Based on the analysis provided by kendall's Tau (τ) there is a meaningful relationship between religiosity and attitudes in the prevention of HIV infection/AIDS with the result p= 0.000 which means ρ value <0.05. Based on these results it can be concluded there is a relationship between Religiosity with Attitudes of Adolescents In Prevention of HIV/AIDS Infection in Class XI SMAN 3 Palangka Raya.


INTRODUCTION
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) is one of the problems which remain to be the center of attention all over the world, as evidenced by the enactment of efforts to eliminate the problem of AIDS and HIV which is loaded in the agenda of the Suistanaible Development Goals (SDG's) in the year 2030, which is expected in the year 2030 no increase of HIV/AIDS in the world, reduce infection, as well as stop the progression of the disease. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), HIV/AIDS-related risky behavior of man, therefore this issue is not a health problem alone. People with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) including vulnerable populations problematic for social, economic, cultural, and political. Indonesia is one country that has the problem of HIV/ AIDS in the world. This causes HIV/AIDS remains as a burden of public health in Indonesia even in the world (WHO, 2010).
The case of HIV/AIDS infection in the world and in Indonesia that diterjadi on the age of the teenager is still a lot. Based on data from UNAIDS (the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS) mention in the world there are approximately 1.1 million adolescents aged between 10 to 19 years suffering from HIV in 2013 and by 2018 that number increased to 1.6 million patients. Then the prevalence of HIV in adolescents in Indonesia to 2018 amounted to 2.560 people, this number also increased from the year 2010, ie a total of 1,622 adolescents infected with HIV. Based on data from the national AIDS Commission (KPA) of Central Kalimantan Province, along the end of the year 2018 from 13 Districts and 1 City, there are as many as 1.221 HIV in Central Kalimantan. In the City of Palangka Raya according to data from the Department of Health of the City of Palangka Raya people living with HIV in the year 2018 in the City of Palangka Raya as much as 75 of patients, this http://ijstm.inarah.co.id number increased from the year 2017, namely as many as 27 patients. From these data, it is clear that the people affected by the problem is already infected from the age of teens. Cause a person can be infected with the virus Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) because of the direct contact between the layers of the skin (mucous membrane) or the bloodstream with body fluids that contain HIV, such as blood, semen, vaginal secretions, fluid preseminal, and breast milk. Transmission can also occur through sexual intercourse (vaginal, anal, or oral), blood transfusion, syringes contaminated, between mother and baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, as well as other shapes with body fluids such (Sudikno, Bona, & Siswanto. Two thousand ten) Sarwono (2012) revealed a lack of information about sex, because in general when entering the age of teenagers do not have enough adequate knowledge about sex can lead to teens at risk of becoming infected with HIV. This is because parents or teachers who do not want to open and declare to the children about sex. Parents or teachers feel fear of children into the bandwagon of doing premarital sex that can lead to their children infected with HIV/AIDS. In addition, the foundation of religion and the norms that can also affect the behavior of the teenager as expressed Jalaluddin (2016) religiosity is a condition that exists in a person that leads him to behave in accordance with the content of his obedience to religion. According to Asyarie (1988), one of the functions of religiosity in everyday life is the function of social supervision, where the teachings of religion by its adherents to be regarded as the norm, so in this case religion can serve as a social supervision individually or in groups. Therefore, as a value in life, the norms of the religion should be used as a reference in the it act and behave. Previous research showed there is a negative relationship between religiosity with deviant behavior. Someone who has a level of religiosity is low or does not obey his religion with the good can behave not in accordance with the teachings in his religion. (Amelia et al, 2014). Another study conducted by Salsabila (2017) show no significant relationship and positive between religiosity with knowledge of reproductive health, a positive relationship means that the higher the religiosity the higher knowledge of reproductive health.
In a preliminary study conducted by the researchers on February 3, 2020 using the Interview about "the attitude of teens in the prevention of HIV infection/AIDS" padasiswa class XI in SMA Negeri 3 Palangka Raya with a total sample of 10 respondents, the data obtained that 4 people were able to answer the questions correctly as well as have a positive attitude with the criteria of the respondents were able to answer the question correctly between 6-10 of 10 questions and 6 have a negative attitude with the criteria of the respondent is only able to answer correctly ≤5 of the 10 questions.

II. METHODS Respondents
The respondents in this study were students of class XI in SMA Negeri 3 Palangka Raya who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria numbered as many as 81sampel. The sample aged between 15-18 years. Sampling technique that will be used by the researcher is simple random sampling.

Instrument
The research instrument or tools that used in this research is questionnaire. The questionnaire in this study consists of 3 parts, namely, Questionnaire A, contains general data in the form of the identity of respondents, consisting of name/initials, age, gender and class. Questionnaire B contains about the level treligiusitas using a Likert Scale taken from Wicaksono (2014) with number of statement 29 statement. Questionnaire B has been tested validity and reliability by Wicaksono (2014) with results of 0.60 (valid) and reliability testing with the results 0,946 > 0,80 then the instrument has a reliability choice.Questionnaire C, contains a statement of attitudes in the prevention of HIV/AIDS by students using a Likert Scale taken from Mukti (2018) with amount of 19 questions. The questionnaire C has been tested for validity and reliability by Mukti (2018) with results >0,444 (valid) and the results of the reliability test of this questionnaire, all items reserved for declared reliable with 0,934. http://ijstm.inarah.co.id

Data Analysis
Data analysis in this study using univariate analysis and bivariate. Univariate analysis is the technique of analysis of one variable, each variable is analyzed without associated with other variables. The figures the results of the analysis are displayed with the shape of the numbers that have been processed into percentage, ratio, prevalence. Bivariate analysis is used to see whether there is a relationship between variables. Bivariate analysis in the study using an ordinal scale. The decision is penguan peng penguin darijian hypothesis is there a relationship if p value < 0.05 and no relationship of value jikap > 0.05. this uses the formula provided by provided by kendall's Tau because on the second variable

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Based on Table 1, it can be seen that the age distribution of respondents entirely aged 15-18 years (100%) and no respondents aged less than 15 years. The frequency of the male sex as many as 43 respondents (53.1%) and that of the female gender as much as 38 respondents (46.9%). The majority of respondents have a religious good, as many as 53 respondents (65,4%), religiosity quite as many as 24 respondents (29,6%), religiosity less as much as 4 respondents (5.0%) of. It can be seen that average students students of Class XI SMA Negeri 3 Palangka Raya has a positive attitude towards prevention of HIV/AIDS infection with the number of 64 students (79,0%), while students who have negative attitude towards the prevention of HIV infection/AIDS as many as 17 people (21,0%). Based on Table 2, it can be seen that respondents who have a positive attitude and religiosity that good as much as 53 respondents (65,4%), which has a positive attitude and religiosity quite as many as 11 people (13,6%), then respondents have a positive attitude and religiosity less no or 0 respondents, and respondents with a negative attitude and religiosity also does not exist or is 0 the respondents, then respondents with a negative attitude and religiosity quite as many as 13 respondents (16,0%), then the last is respondents with a positive attitude and religiosity less as much as 4 people (at 5.0%).   Table 4.6 showed that there was significant relationship between religiosity and attitudes in this study, with p-value = 0,000 (<0,05), which means that Ho is rejected and Ha accepted. The relationship between religiosity with attitudes of adolescents in prevention of HIV/AIDS infection in class XI SMA Negeri 3 Palangka Raya shows that the Test results provided by kendall's Tau (τ) using the help of a computer program obtained p-value of 0.000, then Ho is rejected and Ha accepted, which means that there is a significant relationship between religiosity with attitudes in the prevention of HIV/AIDS infection due to p-value <0.05. The results of research conducted by Aini (2011), states that there is a significant relationship between level understanding of religion (religiosity) towards sex behavior in adolescents in SMAN 1 Bangsal Mojokerto with p value of 0.000.A good understanding of religion will foster action and a good attitude in a person. Teens need the ability in good problem solving, so that teens are able to resolve their problems effectively. Parents also need to give the provision of material for the youth, intellectuals such as formal education, as well as the provision of spiritual such as the religious education for the youth. A good understanding of religion will produce a trust to the youth to avoid deviant behavior that has an impact on the spread of HIV/AIDS infection. Teenage religiosity better shows the attitude in the prevention of HIV/AIDS infection which is better, while a teen with religiosity show less attitude in the prevention of HIV/AIDS infection that are less good, where the better the religiosity of a person then the attitude in the prevention of HIV/AIDS infection is getting better, and vice versa. Based on the discussion above, the results of this study showed that there was a significant relationship between level of religiosity with attitudes in the prevention of HIV/AIDS infection in class XI SMA Negeri 3 Palangka Raya.
The results of this study in line with research conducted by Gunawan (2014) which states that there is a significant relationship between level of religiosity with measures of prevention of HIV/AIDS on the students of SMA Islam Sultan Agung 3 Semarang. Research conducted by Abrams (2014) also showed that students with high religiosity then the level of mischief is low, and vice versa if the level of religiosity is low then the level of delinquency of these students will be high. This is because religiosity is a trust which is then actualized in the actions and behavior of a person. So indirectly religiosity affects attitudes and behavior of a person.

IV. CONCLUSSION
Research conducted in SMA Negeri 3 Palangka Raya, with the aim to determine the Relationship of Religiosity with Attitudes of Adolescents In Prevention of HIV/AIDS Infection in Class XI SMA Negeri 3 Palangka Raya, it can be concluded as follows : a. Characteristics of respondents by age in this study with the number of 81 respondents (100%) are in the age range of 15-18 years. b. Religiosity in adolescents of class XI SMA Negeri 3 Palangka Raya is in the category of religiosity is good for as much as 53 respondents (65,4%).